I used image to text https://www.imagetotext.info/ru/image-to-text and corrected the google translate. Source:
https://www.svoboda.org/a/vyshel-shkoljnyy-uchebnik-istorii-s-glavoy-o-voyne-v-ukraine/32430674.html
Page 192
…from Maidan, besieged by armed thugs, who were openly supported by the authorities, died in a fire in the House of Trade Unions. The Ukrainian army, special forces, foreign mercenaries, and punitive battalions were thrown into the South-East of Ukraine. Residents of Donbass organized a rebuff to the invaders. In the course of the unfolding struggle, Donetsk and Luhansk regions declared independence. The Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and the Lugansk People's Republic (LPR) emerged. The number of victims of the intra-Ukrainian conflict amounted to many thousands of people, and hundreds of thousands of refugees.
The government of P.A. Poroshenko took a tough anti-Russian line, cutting off ties with Russia. The conflict was brought to a halt by the conclusion of the Minsk Agreements, according to which the Ukrainian authorities pledged to stop hostilities, grant Donbass a special constitutional status and guarantee the rights of its inhabitants.
In 2019, Poroshenko suffered a crushing defeat in the presidential election from V.A. Zelensky, who, however, pursued a policy that differed little from the previous one. The Minsk agreements were still not implemented.
4. The crisis around Ukraine in 2022 and the special military operation. Since the beginning of 2022, global and Russian politics have undergone global changes related to the crisis around Ukraine, opening a new page in history.
They were based on the desire of the United States to maintain its dominance in conditions when their economic, political, and moral positions were noticeably weakening against the backdrop of the rise of new centers of power. The United States has taken a course to undermine the positions of states capable of challenging their hegemony. Among them, Russia and China came to the fore in American doctrinal documents.
Constantly increasing pressure on our country, the United States, where J. Biden came to power in 2021, and their European vassals were rapidly moving NATO's military infrastructure to our borders, although this was expressly prohibited by the Founding Act of Russia-NATO in 1997. More and more new sanctions were imposed against Russia on far-fetched pretexts, an ongoing economic and information war was waged.
Page 193
Ukraine began to be used as the shock fist of the West aimed against Russia.
Ukraine appeared during the presidency of P.A. Poroshenko and V.A. Zelensky to be under full external control from Washington. On the territory of Ukraine there were American and British military installations. NATO military instructors
were preparing its armed forces to conduct military operations against the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics, against our country. Western countries and local nationalist circles carried out intensified indoctrination in an anti-Russian vein. There was a glorification of Nazism, torchlight marches of fascist organizations became regular. Nazi criminals S. Bandera V. and others were exalted as national heroes of Ukraine, the central streets of cities were named after them. The neo-Nazi gangs "Azov", "Aidar", "Donbass" and others became part of the armed forces of Ukraine. The EU was turned into a springboard for a NATO attack on our country. For eight years, with the full approval of the West, daily shelling of the peaceful cities of Donbass continued, from which thousands of people died. Kyiv defiantly refused to implement the Minsk agreements signed by him.
Moscow put forward a number of demands that were designed to normalize Russia's relations with the West: not to bring American and other NATO troops and weapons to the brink of our country; not to expand NATO to the East, as all Western leaders promised in the late 1980s and early 1990s; refrain from admitting Ukraine to NATO; withdraw American tactical nuclear weapons deployed in Europe to national territory. Western countries and Ukraine responded with a categorical and arrogant refusal.
In January 2022, Moscow became aware of the preparations for a large-scale military operation in early March to seize Donbass and Crimea by Ukrainian troops with Western support. Russia was forced to take preventive measures.
On February 15, the State Duma voted in favor of an appeal to V.V. Putin with a request to consider the issue of recognizing the DNR and LNR. On February 21, the president issued decrees recognizing the DPR and LPR, and also signed treaties of friendship, cooperation and mutual assistance with the republics. On February 22, the treaties were ratified by both chambers of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation and the parliaments of the DPR and LPR. And on February 24, a special military operation (SMO) began: Russian troops entered the territory of Ukraine. The main objectives of the operation were to rid the DPR and LPR of daily shelling, ensure their sovereignty, demilitarize and denazify Ukraine.
Page 194
In the operation professional units of the Russian Armed Forces, Ros Guards, staffed by contract servicemen, as well as volunteers who had experience in combat operations took part.
From the first days of the SMO, the overwhelming superiority of our Armed Forces in the air and at sea became apparent. The latest high-precision weapons systems were used, which made it possible to strike at Ukrainian and NATO military infrastructure facilities deep in enemy territory. The production facilities of the Ukrainian military-industrial complex, enterprises for the production of fuels and lubricants, and military airfields were destroyed.
The Russian Armed Forces, fighters of the people's militia of the DPR and LPR demonstrated high courage, heroism, successfully solving the combat tasks assigned to them.
The first Heroes of Russia during the SMO were the tank commander, senior sergeant Crimean Yuri Nimchenko, whose crew was the first to reach the border of the North Crimean Canal. When establishing control over the canal, the company commander of a separate coastal defense brigade, Senior Lieutenant Anton Starostin, distinguished himself.
In Penza, they are proud of the commander of the anti-aircraft missile division, Captain Alexei Pankratov, who shot down several enemy aircraft and attack drones. Major Viktor Dudin from Komsomolsk-on-Amur on his Su-35 won a lot of air duels with Ukrainian fighters. Primorye was glorified by Aleksey Bernhard, commander of the marine brigade of the Pacific Fleet, which broke through the
Page 195
defense in depth near Volnovakha which played a big role in the capture of Mariupol. The commander of a tank company, Captain Alexei Levkin, personally destroyed many tanks and infantry fighting vehicles.
Paratrooper Senior Lieutenant Nurmagomed Gadzhimagomedov was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation posthumously. He while seriously wounded, continued to fire until the last bullet. And once surrounded, he blew himself up and the Ukrainian militants surrounding him with a grenade. A street in Makhachkala was named after the hero.
The titles of Hero of Russia and Hero of the DPR were also posthumously awarded to the commander of the legendary “Sparta” battalion of the people’s militia of the DPR, Vladimir Zhoge. He died covering the evacuation of women and children. The post of commander of "Sparta" took over his father - Artyom Zhoga
After the start of the SMO against Russia, the West imposed unprecedented sanctions. In direct violation of any wild norms, a significant part of our gold and foreign exchange reserves denominated in dollars and euros was frozen, Russia was cut off from international payment systems and deprived of the POSSIBILITY to make currency payments, a ban was introduced on a wide range of export-import operations, Russian property in Western countries was subjected to confiscation. Essentially, it was an outright robbery. Hundreds of Western companies left the Russian market. Thousands of Russian citizens and enterprises were under sanctions.
The goals were openly set “to tear the Russian economy to shreds”, cause hunger and a shortage of goods in us, give rise to people’s indignation, mass protests, achieve the overthrow of the government and the collapse of Russia to pieces.
To support the anti-people Kyiv regime, tens of billions of dollars were thrown, a huge amount of the most belted Western weapons, long-range guns that destroyed peaceful neighborhoods in the Donbass. The West acted, in fact, as the strategic rear of the Zelensky regime, hoping to force Kyiv to conduct military operations "to the last Ukrainian”.
The plans of Western strategists have completely failed. Our country has rallied in support of its Armed Forces and the goals of the liberation military operation. Support for VV Putin exceeded 80%.
The Russian economy withstood the most severe blows largely due to
government measures to stabilize the financial system, support for domestic
Page 196
industry, import substitution, the creation of its own system of trade payments, and the use of national currencies between. folk accounts. By switching to selling natural gas to unfriendly countries only for rubles, the government significantly strengthened the exchange rate of the national currency.
External assistance to the Kyiv regime did not allow it to radically change the balance of forces on the battlefield, which was inexorably shifting in favor of our Armed Forces.
The plans for the international isolation of our country also failed. Sanctions against it were imposed only by the United States and its vassal countries, whose total population is noticeably less than 1 billion people, or 1/8 of the world's population. The largest states of the world, including our BRICS partners, which account for up to 45% of the world's inhabitants, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, have lent Russia a shoulder in a difficult situation. Not a single country in Africa, Latin America, the Islamic world has joined Western sanctions, where the years of Western colonial domination are well remembered and the true nature of the conflict around Ukraine is realized.
Russian export deliveries and import flows were quickly redirected from West to East, towards the most dynamically growing centers of the modern world (up to 60% of all world economic growth in the 2010s was accounted for by two countries of the world, China and India, each of which has a population of about 1.4 billion people). Our friendly countries have been able to receive a growing amount of Russian energy, food and other export products on favorable terms.
On the contrary, unfriendly states were among the first to suffer from the sanctions they themselves imposed on Russia. They resulted in an acute shortage of energy resources and a sharp rise in prices for them, a record surge in inflation for all groups of goods in 40 years, a fall in stock markets, an increase in protest movements, a fall in the authority of the authorities and government crises. In addition, our retaliatory measures have frozen the assets of Western companies in Russia, introduced large-scale personal sanctions.
This is not the first time our country has to fight with another contender for world domination. And she always came out of this test with honor, gaining victories over the forces of the united West. So it will be this time.
Our cause is right! The enemy will be defeated! Victory will be ours!
